Exploring the Impact of Teachers' Reflective Practices on Tolerance at the University of Peshawar

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58329/criss.v2i3.49

Abstract

Abstract Views: 203

The study aimed to investigate the relationship between teachers' reflective practices in the classroom and students' tolerance. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected using a mixed-method research approach. Quantitative data was gathered through the use of an interpersonal tolerance scale, while qualitative data was obtained through ten focus group discussions with a total of 71 respondents. The study examined the extent of reflective teaching practices among the teachers and their impact on students' level of tolerance. To analyze the quantitative data, the researchers employed the Pearson Chi-square test. This statistical test is commonly used to determine the association between two categorical variables. The qualitative data analysis involved identifying various themes based on the discussions, such as linking theory with practices, mental preparation/readiness, making dead knowledge alive, discourse analysis, and content analysis. The findings of the study suggest that a significant number of teachers do not effectively link theoretical concepts with practical implications in their teaching practices. Additionally, many teachers are not adequately prepared or ready to handle new situations in the classroom. Furthermore, the study found that some teachers teach using outdated materials, presenting old knowledge with a new presentation style or "rapper”.

Keywords:

Teacher-centered learning, learner-centered learning, Reflectivity, tolerance, creativity

References

Alexander, R. J. (2001). Culture and pedagogy: International comparisons in primary education. Oxford and Boston: Blackwell.

Aliakbari, M. & Faraji, E. (2011). Basic principles of critical pedagogy. International Proceedings of Economics Development and Research (IPEDR), 17(2011), 77–85.

Anderson, L. W., Krathwohl. D. R., Airasian, P. W., Cruikshank, K. A., Mayer, R. E., Pintrich, P. R., Raths, J., & Wittrock. M. C. (2001). A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives (Abridged Edition Ed). New York: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Arshad-Ayaz, A. (2011). Making multicultural education work: A proposal for a transnational multicultural education. Canadian Issues: A Publication of the Association for Canadian Studies, vol?, 8(2), 71-75.

Bleasdale, J. E. (2014). Moving from tolerance to inclusion in Jesuit high schools: A matter of justice [Doctoral thesis]. Fordham University.

BOGHIAN, I. (2016). Teachers’ Perspectives on Tolerance Education. A Literature Review. Journal of Innovation in Psychology, Education and Didactics. 20(2). 189-203.

Crabtree, R. D and Sapp, D. A (2004). Your Culture, My Classroom, Whose Pedagogy? Negotiating Effective Teaching and Learning in Brazil. Journal of Studies in International Education. 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315303260826

Cuenca, A. (2010). Self-study research: Surfacing the art of pedagogy in teacher education. Journal of Inquiry & Action in Education, 3(2), 15–29.

Cunliffe, A.L. (2016). On Becoming a Critically Reflexive Practitioner” Redux: What Does It Mean to Be Reflexive? Journal of Management Education. 40(6) 740–746. https://doi.org/10.1177/1052562916668919

Dewey, J. (1963). Experience and Education. New York: Collier Books.

Gersten, R., Walker, H., & Darch, C. (1988). Relationship between Teachers’ Effectiveness and Their Tolerance for Handicapped Students. Exceptional Children, 54(5), 433–438. https://doi.org/10.1177/001440298805400506

Gutu, V., & Boghian, I. (2019). A bidimensional psycho-pedagogical model for tolerance education. Romanian Journal for Multidimensional Education, 11(4), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/153

Horton, H. & Freire, P. (1990). We make the road by walking: Conversations on education and social change. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

Isah, A., & Omori, A. E. (2018). Tertiary instructional delivery for relevance at the global scene. The 3rd International Academic Conference on Social Sciences, 54–60.

Justice, C., Rice, J. & Warry, W. (2008). Developing useful and transferable skills: Course design to prepare students for a life of learning. International Journal for Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 3(2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.20429/ijsotl.2009.030209

Kidwell, T. J. & Triyoko, H. (2012). Implementing a Student-Centered Pedagogy: Doing so in the Indonesian Teaching Mendoza, R. M. B. (2016). Learner centered curriculum: Unveiling students’ perceptions & attitudes. Bogota: Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v5i2.242

Lazovsky, R. (2007). Educating Jewish and Arab children for tolerance and coexistence in a situation of ongoing conflict: An encounter program. Cambridge Journal of Education, 37(3), 391–408. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057640701546706

Lestari, E. & Widjajakusumah, D. (2009). Students’ Self-directed Learning Readiness, Perception toward Student-Centered Learning and Predisposition towards Student-centered Behaviour. South East Asian Journal of Medical Education 3(1). https://doi.org/10.4038/seajme.v3i1.468

Loughran, J. J. (2008). Toward a better understanding of teaching and learning about teaching. In M. Cochran-Smith, S. Feiman-Nemser, D. J. McIntyre & K. E. Demers (Eds.), Handbook of research on teacher education (3rd Ed., pp. 1177–1182). New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203938690

Mehta, U., & Pandya, S. (2017). Relevance of educational thoughts of Paulo Freire: Perceived meaning and essence in the Indian context. International Journal of Advanced Research in Education & Technology (IJARET), 4(2), 78–86.

Mendoza, R. M. B. (2016). Learner centered curriculum: Unveiling students’ perceptions & attitudes. Bogota: Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. https://doi.org/10.48082/espacios-a20v41n42p18

Ohara, Y., Saft, S., & Crookes, G. (2000). Teacher exploration of feminist critical pedagogy in beginning Japanese as a foreign language class. Paper presented at the University of Hawai’i, Manoa. https://doi.org/10.2307/489693

Robinson, J. R., Workman, J. E., & Freeburg, B. W. (2019). Creativity and tolerance of ambiguity in fashion design students. International Journal of Fashion Design Technology and Education, 12(1), 96–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/17543266.2018.1516807

Sakallı, O., Tlili, A, Altınay, F., Karaatmaca, C., Altınay, Z. and Dağlı, G. (2021). The Role of Tolerance Education in Diversity Management: A Cultural Historical Activity Theory Perspective. SAGE Open. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211060831

Shaukat, B. & Ahmad, J. (2021). Pakhtun social norms and the spirit of tolerance: A Critical Analysis of the adopted Pedagogy at Higher Education Institutes of Pakistan. International Journal of Pukhtunkhwa. 6(1). 16-39.

Tijani, H. (2012). Teaching pedagogy and methodology across discipline presented at 2-day workshop on improved teaching methods in tertiary institutions organized by AfeBabalola University (ABUAD) Ado Ekiti on 6th – 7th June.

Vieluf, S., Kaplan, D., Klieme, E., & Bayer, S. (2012). Teaching practices and pedagogical innovation evidence from TALIS. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264123540-en

Yanusova, O., & Lautkina, S. (2019). Communicative tolerance of the future teacher of inclusive education. Bulletin of Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences: Pedagogy, Psychology, Methodology, 2, 60–65.

Published

2023-09-30

How to Cite

Shaukat, B., Ahmad, J., & Fayyaz, R. (2023). Exploring the Impact of Teachers’ Reflective Practices on Tolerance at the University of Peshawar. CARC Research in Social Sciences, 2(3), 148–152. https://doi.org/10.58329/criss.v2i3.49

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)