Dispute Resolution through Customary Laws
The Role of 2008 Murree Accord in Resolving Sectarianism in District Kurram
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58329/criss.v1i2.15Abstract
Abstract Views: 88
2008 Murree Accord, commonly Known as Murree Jirga, is the one of the major joint agreement between Sunni and Shia groups of District Kurram regarding the resolution of 2006-07 long lasting sectarian conflicts. This is a unique agreement because it involves fifteen council elders (Maliks) from both sides of the two warring groups which have never signed such agreement in the past. This study aim in exploring the mediator role of the Jirga under customary laws in bringing stability and peace for the common good of the locals of District Kurram while addressing the major question that how Murree Accord proved to be successful in the peace and stability of the District? Further, the study is also try to highlight the provisions of the agreement that were supposed to be implemented in its true sense until the mid of 2009 using qualitative approach by conducting ten in-depth interviews with Maliks, participated in the Accord. This paper is therefore analyzing the subject matter at hand while looking at the role of Murree Jirga in the context of sectarianism to fill the gap in the existing literature in order to have a broader overview of the interplay between Jirga and Sectarianism.
Keywords:
Jirga, Sectarianism, Sunni, Shia, Kurram, Accord, Council of Elders
References
Ahmad, S.H., and Junaid, F.A. 2010. “Higher education in Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan after 9/11: Problems and prospects”. US-China Education Review, Vol (7) 5, 55-65.
Ali, I. 2013. “Laws Extended to the Tribal Areas with Jirga Laws”. Peshawar: New Fine Printers: 49
Bangash, M. A. 2010. “The Political Administration of Tribal Areas; A Historical and Organizational Perspective”. Area Study Centre, University ofPeshawar: 36-37
Chaudhary, G.M. 1974. “The Frontier Crimes Regulation, 1901 (Regulation No.3 of 1901)”. Islamabad: National Democratic Institute : 19-21
Chaudhary, M. A. 1999. “Justice in Practice: Legal Ethnography of a Pakistani Punjabi Village”.Oxford University Press: 1-2.
Ejaz, M. 2016. “Shia-Sunni Sectarian Violence as Challenge to peace Maintenance in Pakistan”. Gandhara Journal of Research in Social Science. Vol (1) : 127-162.
Folberg, H. J. 1994. “Alternative Dispute Resolution: An Empirical Analysis”. Stanford Law Review, Vol. 46: 1487
Gunaratna, R., and Anders, N. 2008. “Al Qaeda in the tribal areas of Pakistan and Beyond”. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 9 (31): 775-807.
Islam, F and Faqir,K. 2013. “Jirga: A Conflict Resolution Institution in Pukhtoon Society”, Gomal University Journal of Research: 29
Spain, J W. (1972). The Way of the Pathans, Karachi: Oxford University.
Spain, J. W. 1963. “The Pathan Borderland”. Muton& Co: The Hague: 63-64
Spain, J. W. 1975. “The Way of the Pathans”. Karachi: Oxford University Press: 129-130
Wazir, S. A. 2010. “The Role of Jirga in Conflict Resolution in Fata, a Case Study of North Waziristan Agency”. MA. Thesis. Pakistan Study Centre University of Peshawar
Yasin, M. and Banuri, T. 2004.” The Dispensation of Justice In Pakistan”. Islamabad: Sustainable Development Policy institute, OUP: 24-25.
Yousafzai, M. H andGohar, A. 2005. “Towards Understanding Pakhtun Jirga: An Indigenous way of Peace Building and more”. Just Peace International: 47-48
Zahab, M. (2009),”Unholy Nexus: Talibanism and Sectarianism in Pakistan’s “Tribal Areas” http://www.ceri-sciences-po.org: 14
Zahab, M.A. 2009.“Sectarianism in Pakistan’s Kurram Tribal Agency”. Terrorism Monitor, Vol (VII) : 6-7
Zaman, M. Q. 2016. “Islam in Modern South Asia: Continuity and Change since the Early Twentieth Century”. Key Issues in Religion and World Affairs. Princeton University: 3-4
Interviews
Zaman, Fakhar. 2022. Interviewed on 24/01/2021. Participant of the 2008 Accord as Malik.
Nazar, Muhammad. 2022. Interviewed on 15/01/2022. Participant of the 2008 Accord as Malik.
Jan, Attaullah. 2022. Interviewed on 18/01/2022.Participant of the 2008 Accord as Malik.
Agha, Jawad. 2022 Interviewed on 20/01/2022. Participant of the 2008 Accord as Malik.
Khan, Ghayoor. 2022. Interviewed on 25/01/2022. Participant of the 2008 Accord as Malik.
Hussain, Maqbool. 2022. Interviewed on 26/01/2022. Participant of the 2008 Accord as Malik.
Hussain, Sardar. 2022. Interviewed on 11/01/ 2022, Participant of the 2008 Accord as Malik.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 CARC Research in Social Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
